source de la durance

L'ensemble couvre trois ÂŤ territoires Âť distincts : les massifs alpins du sud, le piĂŠmont prĂŠ-alpin de haute-Provence et la plaine de basse-Provence. La Durance dont la source se situe sur la commune de Cervières (05100) a une longueur de 323.5 Km en France et se termine sur la commune de Les Angles (30133). Options. Accès professionnels : Espace Presse - … Several specialized businesses maintained this system transport. Certaines espèces sont faiblement reprĂŠsentĂŠes : bouvières, rotengles et loches de rivière. Otters have recently become extinct in the entire catchment area. Among the painters to have represented it are Guigou and Monticelli, close friends, who settled in Saint-Paul-lès-Durance and made many paintings where it appears, either as background, or as subject (86 of the 421 paintings by Guigou). The unstable and sometimes steep banks prevented easy access to ferries. sables, galets) de l’ensemble du Rhône, dont la Durance apportait 70%. There remain some black spots in the valley (downstream from the Arkema factory at Château-Arnoux, below the confluence with the Calavon.[31]. [42]) The timber was used in the towns of the southern plains and in the shipyards. The majority of the quarries have closed or are closing. La Durance est une voie de communication importante et ancienne . Les dĂŠpartements et principales villes traversĂŠs sont : Au Pliocène, la Durance ĂŠtait un fleuve et se jettait dans la mer au niveau du golfe de Fos : ses dĂŠpĂ´ts ont formĂŠ la plaine caillouteuse de la Crau. The upper Durance is an alpine river with a flow ranging from 18 to 197 cubic metres per second (640 to 6,960 cu ft/s). Guy Barruol, “the Durance in Antiquity and with the Middle Ages”, p.25. [40] At other places there were ferries, in particular at Pertuis,[citation needed] whose name is based on it ferry. Tout le plateau des Gondran est une gigantesque éponge, avec ça et là de profondes flaques, des pâturages tourbeux, d’anciens lacs. Other goods were transported by the river, including salt, those these were subject to ten tolls along the 300 kilometres (190 mi) of the river.[43]. The construction of the Marseille canal in the middle of the 19th century allowed the metropolitan area of Marseille to develop quickly. Cette dernière alimente d'autre part par son canal une quinzaine de centrales hydroĂŠlectriques, fournissant près de la moitiĂŠ des besoins en ĂŠlectricitĂŠ de la rĂŠgion par ce moyen. Here the river was diverted for the development of modern agriculture and the construction of the A51 motorway. La baignade est interdite en moyenne et basse Durance et la pèche y est règlementĂŠe. La Durance est une rivière du Sud-Est de la France se jetant dans le Rhône, dont elle est le deuxième affluent après la Saône pour la longueur et le troisième après la Saône et l’Isère pour le débit. invasive are becoming more problematic including coypu[31] and the recently arrived muskrat. The banks, although less wet, still accommodate 110 species of birds during the year, plus 82 species of migratory birds, which rest, feed and sometime reproduce. The Latin form drou ("hard") changed into the proto-Occitan "dur". The Durance class tanker is a series of multi-product replenishment oilers, originally designed and built for service in the French Navy. [38] As the ice-cap receded, the Durance course changed towards the west, between Luberon and Alpilles, and flowed into the Rhône.[38]. La longueur entre sa source et son embouchure est de 323,8 km. Sur le plan ĂŠconomique, Ă  partir du Moyen Âge et jusqu'au dernier quart du XIXe siècle, les eaux de la Durance furent notamment utilisĂŠes pour le flottage du bois, commerce placĂŠ aux mains de radeliers professionnels de l'Embrunnais (l'arrivĂŠe du chemin de fer dans les vallĂŠes alpines mit fin Ă  cette activitĂŠ), tandis qu'un rĂŠseau serrĂŠ de chemins de desserte ĂŠtait utilisĂŠ par les travailleurs saisonniers alpins, ou ÂŤ gavots Âť, pour gagner la basse-Provence. [40] Gallo-Romans used the towpaths (helciarii) and the wind to move upstream. Railway viaduct on the line from Saint-Auban to, Three viaducts for LGV Méditerranée at Cavaillon (length - 940, 900 et 1500 metres), Twin viaducts for Route nationale RN7 and for the. At the confluence with the Rhône, the average natural flow of the Durance is approximately 190 cubic metres per second (6,700 cu ft/s), with a high annual variability. Pendant la glaciation de Riss , la source de la Durance se trouve aux environs de Sisteron, là où commence la calotte glaciaire qui recouvre alors les Alpes. The Romanian surrealist painter, Victor Brauner, took refuge in 1942 in Remollon and made several paintings on materials that he found.[52]. 300.000 – 120.000 ans. The Durance provides today two-thirds of the water for the city of Marseilles. The Verdon flows into the Durance near Cadarache. From the 12th to the 19th century, the river was used for floating timber downstream, in particular by the monks of Boscodon, who were given the privilege in 1191 to use the river. This descent stays re… Following the construction of the large EDF canal, which follows the Durance from Serre-Ponçon until Salon-de-Provence and the Étang de Berre, the water for the canal of Marseilles is now taken from the EDF canal, below Saint-Estève-Janson. Twelve million years ago, the Durance flowed directly into the Mediterranean. The width of its bed, the force and depth of its current, and the changes of course after the floods hindered crossing by ford. Beginning in the 1950s, aggregate was extracted from the river bed for road surfacing and wear-resistant concrete. [19] Even lesser floods were devastating. The volume of water flowing through the canal is 10 cubic metres per second (350 cu ft/s) with the slope of 0.36 metres per kilometre (1.9 ft/mi). The Durance is 305 kilometres (190 mi) long from its source at the foot of Sommet des Anges, at 2,390 metres (7,840 ft) high, above Montgenèvre, to its confluencewith the Rhône. [33], There are only fourteen fish species, including some native species: souffia, south-west European nase and large populations of Zingel asper and spined loach which are both endangered species of fish. [37] During the Riss glaciation, the source of the Durance was at Sisteron, where the icecap finished. Il peut varier exceptionnellement de 70 Ă  10 000 mètres cubes par seconde, avec une moyenne ĂŠtablie entre 125 et 350 mètres cubes par seconde. Elle se jette dans le Rhône à quelques kilomètres au sud-ouest d'Avignon, entre le Vaucluse et les Bouches-du-Rhône dont elle matérialise la limite. Jusqu'au pont de Mirabeau, la pente de la Durance est forte (trois pour mille) et explique tant l'importance historique des digues dressĂŠes par l'Homme sur son cours (notamment Ă  Sisteron, Manosque et Pertuis ; les premières connues datent du XIIe siècle), que le dĂŠveloppement des villes situĂŠes Ă  proximitĂŠ de son cours en hauteur, Ă  l'abri des crues. There are small canals whose primary purpose is to draw water from the river into the EDF Canal which in turn feeds the hydroelectric power stations. The Durance is documented in Ancient Greek as drouentios potamos and in Latin as Druentia (1st century), Durantia (854, 1271) and Durentia (1127). When the flow is low, most of the water in the river now flows in "industrial channels" which by-pass the natural course of the river to run through hydro-electric power stations. Clébert & Rouyer, "La Durance", pp.180-183. [29] These channels can take up to 250 cubic metres per second (8,800 cu ft/s), so that it is only at the time of high flows that the water not diverted uses the river's natural channel. Jean Giudicelli and Karine Viciana, "The Durance today", Direction of the environment, of sustainable development and agriculture. La faune s'est quant Ă  elle dĂŠveloppĂŠe durant les dernières dĂŠcennies : en particulier, plus de 300 espèces diffĂŠrentes d'oiseaux peuplent la Durance, soit en permanence (un peu moins de la moitiĂŠ), soit lors de migrations saisonnières. Modèle:Cours d'eau Currently there are between 150 and 200 species of benthic macroinvertebrates,[30] but with few plant species (due to the greatly changing flow of the river). [36] The changes in the flow also limited river navigation (in spite of size of the river in periods with a high flow. These habitats include both mountain and Mediterranean types. De façon générale, nous utilisons les informations que vous nous fournissez pour la gestion et le développement de notre activité. La fontaine pétrifiante de Réotier se situe dans le département des Hautes-Alpes, dans la commune de Réotier, entre Guillestre et Briançon, à 910 m d'altitude environ. Barrage de Serre-Ponçon et amĂŠnagements hydroĂŠlectriques, Les gorges de la Durance sur la ligne de chemin de fer Veynes-Briançon, Syndicat mixte d'amĂŠnagement de la vallĂŠe de la Durance, CommunautĂŠ de communes de la moyenne Durance, Identification des diffĂŠrents lits de la Durance par photo-interprĂŠtation, Laboratoire de GĂŠophysique et GĂŠodynamique, http://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Durance (rivière), WikipĂŠdia : l’encyclopĂŠdie libre et gratuite, AURORAE LIBRI : livres anciens, textes rares & illustrĂŠs modernes, VINTAGE-ERA : informatique vintage, retro gaming, jeux de rĂ´les et imprimĂŠs des annĂŠes 1970-2000, Bouches-du-RhĂ´ne : Peyrolles-en-Provence. Vous pouvez consulter la dernière version de l’article ÂŤ Durance (rivière) Âť de WikipĂŠdia Ă  l’adresse http://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Durance (rivière) ou la modifier en cliquant ici. The annual maximum flow generally occurs in May or June, but the most violent flash floods occur in autumn. Il n’y a pas à proprement parler une source de la Durance. The 1852 floods affected the entire basin of the Durance, from Sisteron to its confluence in Avignon. Les diffĂŠrents ĂŠcosystèmes interdĂŠpendants qui correspondaient Ă  cette morphologie (en eau vive et en eau morte) cèdent aujourd'hui leur place Ă  des ripisylves. Elle prend sa source sur le mont Chenaillet (2634 m), dans les Hautes-Alpes (05), près de la frontière italienne, et se jette dans le Rhône à quelques kilomètres au sud d’Avignon, dans le … In more recent times even suspension bridges often had to be re-built after floods. Vitesse Denivelé horaire Puissance. NĂŠanmoins, son cours constituait aussi une voie majeure reliant les Alpes Ă  la Basse-Provence : Ă  ce titre, la Voie Domitienne romaine suivait son lit jusqu'aux Alpes pour desservir la Narbonnaise. It then continues south combining with the Gyronde  — the Écrins glacial stream — at L'Argentière-la-Bessée. Along the river there are many habitats of both regional and European importance that are naturally governed by the varying flow of the river. Son contrĂ´le, qui vise Ă  assurer les besoins en eau et en ĂŠlectricitĂŠ tout en luttant contre les ĂŠtiages et les crues, est assurĂŠ par un ensemble d'ouvrages gĂŠrĂŠs par ÉlectricitĂŠ de France. C'est l'arbre de vie de la Provence. Lorsque la Durance change son cours pour devenir un affluent du Rhône , elle se jette d’abord dans le Rhône en amont d ‘Avignon , au nord du Rocher des Doms . Née sur les confins de l'Italie, au Chenaillet, près du col de Montge… Cette dernière, riche en alluvions, est rĂŠputĂŠe pour ses cultures maraĂŽchères, notamment au niveau de Cavaillon. 75 espèces de mammifères sont connues, parmi lesquelles les castors et les musaraignes aquatiques ont ĂŠtĂŠ rejoints rĂŠcemment par le rat musquĂŠ, espèce allogène. Âť, dĂŠvie la plus grande partie de l'eau de la rivière jusqu'Ă  l'ĂŠtang de Berre en suivant le lit naturel de cette dernière. Dams have also long been used for irrigation. [15], Between 1832 and 1890, the Durance had 188 floods of more than 3 metres (10 ft) (measured at the Mirabeau Bridge). Its total drainage area is 14,225 square kilometres (5,492 sq mi). This quality was obtained thanks to actions of clean-up projects on the river itself and on the tributaries of the Luye and Calavon (also called le Coulon)). Just before the narrow gap in the mountains at Sisteron, the Durance joins Buëch and the Sasse. The river with its valley is an important biological corridor, within the national green infrastructure and the Pan-European ecological network. The Durance was ceased to carry freight because of competition from road and rail. [44] This ferry at Cadenet and one at Mirabeau were used to transport flocks of sheep for seasonal migrations. La Durance est une rivière Ă  rĂŠgime torrentiel. De nos jours, enfin, l'autoroute inachevĂŠe de Sisteron–Gap bĂŠnĂŠficie encore de la pĂŠnĂŠtrante qu'offre la Durance pour dĂŠsenclaver la haute Provence et, Ă  terme, le Champsaur. The Durance receives only one significant tributary on this last part of its course: the Calavon, which flows around the Lubéron range to the north. After the year 1000, the number of ferries increased, including some Cable ferries plied between the two banks of the main channel. The bas-reliefs at Cabrières-d'Aigues depict the river being used for the transport of various liquid food products such as wine and olive oil. The water was first abstracted near the bridge of Pertuis, at an elevation of 185 metres (607 ft), 50 kilometres (31 mi) from Marseilles. Mais ces aménagements et les prélèvements dans cette belle rivière ont des conséquences écologiques aggravées par le dérèglement climatique. Le canal de Marseille prend sa « source » dans la commune de Saint-Estève-Janson et se termine à la Ciotat. [47] Starting from the 12th century, wood bridges were also built. Catherine Lonchambon, “From one bank to another: the “trail ferry””, Direction of the environment, of sustainable development and agriculture. It drops 1,847 metres (6,060 ft) from its source to Mirabeau[9] and approximately 2,090 metres (6,860 ft) from its source to the confluence with the Rhône. The oldest known one was the one between La Roque-d'Anthéron and Cadenet (in Gontard), recorded in 1037. The source of La Durance is on the northern slope of the Sommet des Anges, where the first small streams combine into a river. L'amĂŠnagement contemporain de la Durance, entrepris Ă  partir de janvier 1955 et de la ÂŤ Loi d'amĂŠnagement de Serre-Ponçon et la basse Durance Âť a considĂŠrablement modifiĂŠ l'hydrologie de la rivière. The width across the surface of the canal is 9.4 metres (31 ft), and 3 metres (9.8 ft) at its base. The Durance retains its name rather than either the Clarée or Guisane, even though the latter two are longer than the Durance when they each merge. Source de la Durance (Randonnée Pédestre) En cache. La Durance (en occitan : Durença selon la norme classique, ou en provençal : Durènço selon la norme mistralienne) est une rivière du Sud-Est de la France se jettant dans le Rhône, dont elle est le deuxième affluent après la Saône pour la longueur et le troisième après la Saône et lIsère pour le débit. La Durance, de part ses fortes variabilités saisonnières, ses débits et l'intensité de ses débordements, fût jusque dans les années 1960 et la construction du barrage de Serre-Ponçon, une rivière périlleuse tant pour sa navigation que pour sa traversée. The existence of a bridge at Sisteron was recorded. It is also depicted beneath a sculpture of a pregnant woman in Charleval, Bouches-du-Rhône. In the vicinity of L'Escale a port existed before the Roman conquest, but was developed during the 1st century BC, and was prosperous until the Crisis of the 3rd Century, before recovering its economic activity until the beginning of the 5th century.[41]. It can vary between 40 cubic metres per second (1,400 cu ft/s) (the most severe low water levels) and 6,000 cubic metres per second (210,000 cu ft/s) in catastrophic historic floods,[12] levels reached in 1843, 1882 and 1886. Claude Gouron, photographer, Helene Vesian, author of the texts. Water quality is considered good in the higher valley, in spite of the number of dams, which deprive the Durance of the power needed to carry sediment away. [14], These increased in number and force from the second half of the 16th century, though lessened in the 20th century. The predictable water levels have also allowed development of the local economy through summer tourism. At the outlet into the Lac de Serre-Ponçon, the medium flow is 81 cubic metres per second (2,900 cu ft/s);[7] at Oraison it is 123 cubic metres per second (4,300 cu ft/s)[7] and after the confluence with the Verdon, flow reaches 174 cubic metres per second (6,100 cu ft/s)[7] (250 to 330 m³/s in spring, 100 m³/s in the summer[13]). The first known irrigation canal is the Canal Saint-Julien, dug in 1171 by the Marquis de Forbin. Philippe Autran, "The highway network from the 19th to the 20th centuries: revolution with mechanization", in Autran, Guy Barruol and Jacqueline Ursch. The lowest water levels occur in winter in the upper valley, and in summer in the middle and lower part of the river. The river is famous historically for its unstable course and violent floods. The flood of 1872 also swept away the 1847 bridge at Mallemort. Prenez la deuxième passerelle, traversez le ruisseau et allez jusqu'au bout de la digue, vue sur la Durance. at Mirabeau, the beginning of the 13th century, close to Sainte-Madeleine-du-Pont; at Savines, the most used bridge on the Upper Durance (built in the 15th century). LA DURANCE. [11] At the confluence with Ubaye, salmon used to thrive, and trout were found up as far as Sisteron, before the development of the river. Cecile Miramont, "History of river landscapes", in Guy Barruol, Denis Furestier, Catherine Lonchambon. It washed away many cultivated alluvial terraces, broke dams and destroyed canals. • Principale rivière des Alpes du Sud, affluent du bas Rhône (rive gauche), elle mesure 305 km. La Durance is also the name of an academic bulletin by history and geography professors at Aix-Marseille. Durant la mĂŞme pĂŠriode, d'importants travaux d'endiguement furent d'abord motivĂŠs par la nĂŠcessitĂŠ de mettre un terme aux dĂŠgats provoquĂŠs par les crues rĂŠcurrentes de la rivière : ainsi, un proverbe d'Ancien RĂŠgime citait la Durance parmi les trois flĂŠaux de la Provence. La Durance prend ses sources sur la commune de Montgenèvre, mais conflue quelques kilomètres avec la Clarée, qui est bien plus grosse qu'elle ! Découvrir nos adhérents et nos partenaires. Le barrage de Serre-Ponçon (Ă  780 mètres d'altitude), construit au confluent de la Durance et de l'Ubaye de 1955 Ă  mai 1961 a constituĂŠ par sa mise en eau un lac artificiel comparable en volume au lac naturel d'Annecy, avec 1,2 milliards de mètres cubes d'eau stockĂŠs sur une superficie de 2 900 hectares (dont 200 millions de mètres cubes rĂŠservĂŠs Ă  l'agriculture). Christophe Garrone, “the artificial wetlands basic Durance”, Direction of the environment, of sustainable development and agriculture. La Durance prend sa source à Montgenèvre, dans le département des Hautes-Alpes à une altitude d'environ 2300 mètres. This is a list of rivers longer than 20 kilometres (12 mi) that flow into the Durance. La Durance prend sa source dans les Hautes Alpes, à 2632 m d'altitude, au mont Chenaillet, près du col de Montgenèvre et donc de la frontière italienne. Henri Pignoly, “the problems of believed and the culture of the risk” Direction of the environment, of sustainable development and agriculture. At first they were often boxes of wood filled up of stones, but these do not resist the floods for long. Formation gĂŠologique, hydrologie et amĂŠnagement, 4. Options . Although it was difficult to cross, except in Sisteron, the Durance was nevertheless navigable. The valley widens still further into an alluvial plain several kilometres wide (5 kilometres (3.1 mi) near Manosque). However, a longer route is traced by the Clarée-Durance system with a length of 325 kilometres (202 mi). ›› Durance ou Clarée ? [1] The Durance itself is a tributary of the Rhône and flows into the Rhône near Avignon. The sources of the water are a combination of melting snow and the drainage of rain from the surrounding hills and plateaux which have a Mediterranean climate. Parmi les accidents gĂŠologiques qui ont dĂŠterminĂŠ le tracĂŠ actuel du cours de la Durance, il faut citer l'enfoncement de la rivière dans le Gapençais, dans la barre de Sisteron et enfin dans l'anticlinal de Mirabeau oĂš la cluse de la Durance atteint 300 mètres de profondeur. [23] It was followed by the Adam de Craponne canal, 50 kilometres (31 mi) long, dug in nine months in 1554 from Silvacane to Arles), the canal des Alpilles, the canal de Marseille, the canal de Carpentras, the canal de Manosque, the canal de Ventavon, and the hundreds of other smaller ones,[24] totalling 540 kilometres (340 mi) dug between the end of the 16th century and the end of the 19th century.[25]. Ces sédiments représente 550 millions de tonnes , soit environ 400 millions de t pour la seule Durance (l’équivalent d’une dune de 200m de large sur 10 m de haut sur 200km de long) Carte: source Ifremer Échelle: env 50km De façon générale, nous utilisons les informations que vous nous fournissez pour la gestion et le développement de notre activité. The confluence with the Ubaye was flooded as the lake filled. Or, la Durance y joue un rĂ´le majeur, puisqu'elle y constitue Ă  la fois la principale ressource en eau et la principale voie de communication vers le nord-est. This programme was an almost complete success: The Durance used to have an average natural flow of 188 cubic metres per second (6,600 cu ft/s) and behaved like a Mediterranean river, but dams and canals have changed it considerably. Its descent is unusually rapid at 81 m/km (165 ft/mi) in its first 12 km (7.5 mi), then 15 m/km (30 ft/mi) to its confluence with the Gyronde, and then still nearly 8 m/km (16 ft/mi) to the confluence with the Ubaye. Rail viaduct for the old Paris - Marseille line south of Avignon. This division allows surveying and mapping of the land at risk.[49]. Nicolas Masras, "The Durance, source and border", in Jacques Sapiega. Water also flows in from the EDF Canal. At Cadarache an experimental nuclear fusion reactor, ITER, is under construction. [13], The height of the water at the gorge at Cadarache is at 472 millimetres (18.6 in), after an average of 750 millimetres (30 in) of rain because 63% of the rain flows into the Durance. A left tributary of the Rhône, it is 323.2 km (200.8 mi) long. La Durance prend sa source à Mongenèvre, à 1830m d'altitude. Bernard Amouretti, “However, the valley of the Durance was always an axis of passage”, Direction of the environment, of sustainable development and agriculture, Jean-Paul Clébert and Jean-Pierre Rouyer, "La Durance", Privat, Toulouse, 1991, in the collection. La Durance, une sp cialiste du coup ! [1] Its drainage basin is 14,472 km2 (5,588 sq mi).[2]. The confluence with the Guil occurs below Guillestre and Mont-Dauphin. Randonnée sans difficulté Possibilité de rallonger la randonnée en rentrant par le lac Noir Les Fraches et la Chau. La rivière Durance prend sa source au départ de Montgenèvre, à 2 300 mètres d'altitude, et continue sa traversée pendant plus de 300 kilomètres pour se jeter dans le Rhône. "Fiche cours d'eau - La Durance (X---0000)", "Ministry of theEcology and of sustainable development", Photos that are copyright free for teaching use (3 pages on the Durance), Mixed syndicate working on the valley of the Durance, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Durance&oldid=979844221, Pages using citations with format and no URL, Articles with dead external links from September 2017, Articles with permanently dead external links, Articles with unsourced statements from June 2008, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. [32], The populations of algae and water plants (100 species on average) and water invertebrates (77 species) are more varied than before the dams compared with populations on the similar Asse and Buëch. The Durance is better known than the other two rivers because the Durance valley is an old and important trade route, whereas the valleys of the Clarée and Guisane are effectively dead ends.[4][5]. There are several dams along the middle part of the Durance. In the Middle Ages, the county of Forcalquier stretched all along the Durance, from Cavaillon to La Roche-de-Rame, close to Embrun. The valley narrows for a few kilometres until the water gap at Mirabeau, at a depth of 200 metres (660 ft),[10] then widens again into an even broader plain until the confluence with the Rhône south of Avignon. In 1955, the law defined the EDF Durance-Verdon project had three objectives: Over 40 years, this project required the construction of 23 dams and water extraction points starting upstream of Claux sur Argentiere down to Mallemort and the supply of 33 hydroelectric power stations and several control stations.[27]. the ancient bridge of Sisteron which was rebuilt in 1365. the best known writer to be inspired by the Durance. [7], At Mirabeau, the lowest flow was 27 cubic metres per second (950 cu ft/s) (during the drought of 1921) i.e. Clébert & Rouyer, "La Durance", pp.11-12. [34] The European brook lamprey has been seen in recent times but it may have disappeared since.[35]. At Serre-Ponçon, its basin of 3,600 square kilometres (1,400 sq mi) can create a flow as low as 18 cubic metres per second (640 cu ft/s) and a maximum flood of 1,700 cubic metres per second (60,000 cu ft/s) (value recorded in 1957).[11]. La Durance aurait pu porter le nom de Clarée ! Three types of islands are formed in the bed of the Durance: Between the Vaucluse and the Bouches-du-Rhône : Dams have been built since the Middle Ages to prevent flooding. Vous avez la permission de copier, distribuer et/ou modifier ce document selon les termes de la Licence de documentation libre GNU, version 1.2 ou plus rĂŠcente publiĂŠe par la Free Software Foundation ; sans sections inaltĂŠrables, sans texte de première page de couverture et sans texte de dernière page de couverture. [44] Other ferries were established to supply the windmills built at the end of the 18th century in Poët, Upaix and Claret. But the silting and the lack of oxygen has greatly reduced the number of trout. Son embouchure dans le Rhône se trouve à Avignon, préfecture du Vaucluse. It sometimes needed several ferries to cross the various arms or channels. The valley of the Durance is a route through the Alps, used by the Via Domitia. Copyright Š les auteurs de l’article original sur le site WikipĂŠdia : l’encyclopĂŠdie libre et gratuite pour les sections inaltĂŠrĂŠes et – dans le cas d’une version modifiĂŠe – les auteurs de ce document sur Libre Savoir. 4/67 Durance Helicopter Squadron created in 1976, is charged with protecting the air force base at Apt-Saint-Christol and the nuclear missile site at Plateau d'Albion. The silt in the river bed has become stabilised by vegetation and this also reduces the flow. From 1839 to 1854, the engineer Franz Mayor de Montricher built a canal to supply the city of Marseille with drinking water. La source se trouve à proximité de l'ancien Fort du Gondran, sur la commune de Montgenèvre , dans le département français des Hautes-Alpes, près de la frontière italienne. La Durance nait à Montgenèvre dans les prés d’altitude, proche du Chenaillet, vers 2300m d’altitude. A river is known as "capricious", alternating between its feared flash floods (it was called the third plague of Provence) and its low water levels. Ainsi, en plus de traiter les demandes de nos clients, les informations nous aident à améliorer le contenu de notre site, et à développer de nouveaux produits et services.

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